Gas burner



I Feb. 2, 1943..

l P. F. RATcLlFF GAS. BURNER Filed June 16, 1938 Patented Feb. 2, 1943mais UNITED STATES PATENT .o,-rrfics l 'Y v,1310,116V 'Y GAS BURNER`Peary F. Ratcliff, Shreveport; La.

Application June 16, 1938, Serial. No. 214,015 s claims'. (Crim-113i Myinvention relates to gas burners and' more particularly to the type of'gas burner'used' in cooking equipment.

i An object of my invention is to provide a gas burner with a combustionchamber typename deflector to insure complete combustion.

Another object of my invention is tolprovide a burner tip that willautomaticallyinduce the correct oW of air for combustion for varyinggaspressures.

Another object of my invention is to provi-de an adjustable deflector ina gas burner adapted to focus and deflect a fiame coming from the burnertip.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this application and inwhich like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout thesame:

Figure 1 is a broken vertical View of an assembly of my burner mountedunder a conventional cooking receptacle;

Figure 2 is a vertical View in part cross section showing theconstruction of the tip part of my burner; V

Figure 3 is a vertical front view of the chambered flame deectorconstruction of my burner and, Figure 4 is a vertical side View of thechambered name deflector of my burner.

In the drawing wherein for the purposes of illustration is shown apreferred form of my invention, numeral l designates the tip of myburner as shown mounted in a gas pipe connection P. The exposed portionof the tip l terminates in a dished shaped perforated plate 2.

The feature of my tip which makes it different from the tips of theprior art is the dished shaped plate 2 with the gas orifice in itscenter. After experimenting with many constructions of tips, Idiscovered that the use of a dished shaped closing plate in my tip madethe gas burn better than when the best tips on the market were used. Idiscovered also that the tip induces sufficient air for the combustionof the gas whether the gas pressure was high or low.

With the gas pressures in standard practice, 4 oz. to 8 oz., I foundthat a dip of 1% of an inch at; the center of a 1/2 inch plate gave mebest results. I found also that it was better to have the dished surfacecurved than inverted cone shaped. However, the inverted cone shapedsaucer surface gave much better results than the prior art flat surfaceclosing plate structure or the outwardly rounded surface.

My above described tip performed nicely over the entire range ofgas-pressureencountered in the retail consumption of gas. i Y Y y L ll;do not know' the exact theory on which to base thisphenomenalperformance but Iam inclined to the belief-that the gasemitted through the orifice inthe saucer plate 2 createsl a partialvacuumY over its center portion surrounding! the The partial vacuum thuscaused increasesthe flow f--air 'tdthegas stream.' vThe increasev of airatthispoint "accounts forgthimprovement in the Yl'nirn-in'g. -Asthe'gaspressure in the line is increased the rate of iiow of gas through theoriice of the saucer plate 2 is necessarily increased with the resultthat the pressure around the orifice is further lowered, resulting in anincrease iiow of air t0 the increased gas stream. The increased air owis available for the combustion of the additional gas emitted throughthe orifice.. The reverse of the above statement is also true.

It must be borne in mind, of course, that the gas emitted through theorice picks up additional air in its further travel, in the wellobserved manner of performance of prior art tip type burners.

Having described the tip l and its operation, I will now proceed to thedescription of the chambered ame deflector structure. Numeral 3designates the chambered name detector, which functions not only as amixing chamber but also as a deector for the products of combustion.

The chambered iiame deflector 3 is dened by a curved back wall 4 and twoparallel side walls 5, each of which terminate in an inwardly directeddeecting ange 6.

The chambered flame deector 3 is mounted on the tip l by means of an Lshaped bracket l threaded onto the tip l. The upper end of the bracket'i is provided with a slot 8. The chambered flame deector 3 is fastenedto the bracket 1 by means of a screw 9 which extends through the slot 8and by clamping nut I0.

By means of the slotl 8, the slot El and nut l5! the height of thechambered flame deflector 3 above the burner tip i may be adjusted tosuit conditions. The chambered flame deflector 3 is lined with asbestos,cr the like heat resisting material.

As explained earlier, the gas G escaping through the orifice of the tipl entrains air A at the orifice and carries it up with it to thechambered flame deflector 3 along with additional air A the gas picks upon its way to the chambered flame deflector 3.

In practice, the chambered flame deiector 3 should be so adjusted withrespect to the tip i that the gas G burns within the chambered amedefiector 3.

When the chambered ame deector 3 is correctly adjusted, its lining Willstay at a white heat as long as the gas burns. Due to the white heatconditions of the lining X the incoming gas G with entrained air Aignites so rapidly that it may be said to explode inside the chamberedflame deiiector 3. The purpose of the anges 6 is to confine the productsof the explosion (ame) to the proportions of a stream. The general shapeand position of the chambered ame deector 3 together with its iianges 6is relied upon to deiiect the name in the correctV direction.

In the chambered flame deflector 3 the incom'- ing gas G and air A inthe turbulence created in the chambered flame deflector 3 becomethoroughly mixed insuring complete combustion.

I contemplate using the burner tip and chambered ame deector 3combination for use in cooking stoves wherein only single units areemployed for each eye of the st ove. In this case, the gas from the tipI will emit from the same in a horizontal direction and the combustionchamber will deect the flame upwardly. I also contemplate using my tipand chambered ame deector 3 units grouped opposing one another, seeFigure 1, wherein several deflected flames are shown focused on onesurface to be heated.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown anddescribed is to be taken as only a preferred embodiment of the same andthat various changes in shape, size and arrangement of parts may beresorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention or thescope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention I claim:

1. A gas burner comprising a tip in combination with a chambered namedefiector so aligned with the said tip as to deiiect a flame coming fromthe tip, said chambered ame deflector being provided with a pair ofoutwardly extending, inwardly directed wall extensions adapted to deect'products of combustion and light and heat rays.

2. The burner as claimed in claim 1 wherein means is provided foradjusting the said chambered flame detector both longitudinally androtatably with respect to the said tip.

3. In a burner of the class described, a name deflecting meanscomprising a back wall member adapted to deiiect a flame and a pair ofside walls extended out from the said back wall member, said side wallsbeing inwardly directed and being extended parallel one to the othersaid side Walls being adapted to confine the iiame deflected bythe saidback wall member.

PEARY F. RATCLIFF.

